Within three years of its birth, Johannesburg was the country’s largest town. In 1928 it became a city, and is now the second biggest on the African continent (after Cairo). Johannesburg has all the amenities of a major modern city including excellent shopping outlets both in the central area and, especially, in the large and glitzy suburban malls. Johannesburg, in common with every major metropolis has its less desirable areas. There is substantial wealth here but also extreme poverty in the surrounding ‘black’ townships.